教育与装备研究

为探索中国职业本科教育的建设路径,笔者对德国班贝格大学经济职业教育系Karl-Heinz Gerholz教授进行了深度访谈。Gerholz教授围绕职业本科的定位、师资、课程、吸引力及国际化等核心问题,结合德国应用技术大学(Fachhochschule)、双元制大学(Duale Hochschule)及专业学校(Fachschule)的实践经验,提出了诸多深刻见解。他指出,职业本科的成功关键在于坚守“职业本质”,避免简单模仿学术型大学,并应构建具有鲜明实践特色的师资、课程与评价体系。同时,他强调需警惕“过度学术化”可能引发的“去技能化”风险,并建议通过有效的“教育营销”提升社会认同。该文系统呈现了Karl-Heinz Gerholz教授的观点,以期为我国职业本科教育的高质量发展提供参考。Karl-Heinz Gerholz:德国班贝格大学经济教育系教授、博士、德国班贝格大学经济教育系主任,德国班贝格大学教师教育中心负责人,曾任德国班贝格大学社会与经济科学学院院长,其主要研究领域为职业教育与培训中的数字化教学、职业学习过程和教师培训中的服务学习、教育组织的发展与管理、教学设计研究。

To explore viable pathways for establishing vocational universities in China,the author conducted an in-depth interview with Professor Karl-Heinz Gerholz,Head of the Department of Business and Vocational Education and Director of the Center for Teacher Education at the University of Bamberg.Drawing on practical experiences from German higher education models,including Universities of Applied Sciences(Fachhochschulen),Dual Universities(Duale Hochschulen),and Advanced Professional Schools(Fachschulen),Professor Gerholz offered substantial insights into key issues such as institutional positioning,faculty development,curriculum design,educational attractiveness,and internationalization strategies for vocational universities.He underscored that the success of such institutions depends critically on preserving their vocational essence,refraining from merely replicating general universities,and building distinctive systems for teaching,curriculum,and evaluation that are firmly grounded in practical application.Furthermore,Professor Gerholz warned against the potential risk of deskilling resulting from excessive academic drift and advocated for strengthening societal recognition through strategic education marketing.This article systematically synthesizes Professor Gerholz's perspectives,with the aim of providing valuable references for the high-quality development of higher vocational education in China.Dr.Karl-Heinz Gerholz: Professor of Business Education in the Department of Business Education at the University of Bamberg,Germany.He also serves as the Head of the University of Bamberg's Teacher Education Center.Previously,he held the position of Dean of the Faculty of Social and Economic Sciences at the same university.His research interests include digital teaching and learning in vocational education and training,learning processes,service-learning in teacher education,as well as educational organization development and management,and instructional design.