教育与装备研究

县域教育作为衔接城乡的关键场域，其科学教育质量直接关乎“双减”政策落地成效与教育公平实现。科学教育在县域具有破解应试依赖、填补课后真空、拓宽成才视野、强化兜底功能的独特价值向度，但当前面临资源配置与实践本质错配、发展空间被生存逻辑挤压、实施机制在行政逻辑中失灵、育人价值被工具理性异化的核心困境。基于此，研究提出县域科学教育的实践转向：以评价改革撬动育人体系变革，以资源整合丰富课后科学活动，以职业启蒙拓宽多元成才通道，以精准帮扶强化教育兜底功能，从而推动科学教育融入县域教育生态，助力县域教育高质量发展与教育强国建设。

As a key link connecting urban and rural areas, county education's quality of science education is directly related to the implementation effect of the “double reduction” policy and the realization of educational equity. Science education in counties has unique value dimensions, including breaking the dependence on exam-oriented education, filling the after-school vacuum, broadening the vision of talent development, and strengthening the bottom-line support function. However, it currently faces core dilemmas: mismatches between resource allocation and the practical nature of science education, squeezed development space due to the survival logic of county education, malfunctioning implementation mechanisms within the administrative logic, and alienation of educational value by instrumental rationality. Based on this, the study proposes practical transformations for county science education: promoting the reform of the education system through evaluation reform, enriching after-school science activities through resource integration, broadening diversified talent development channels through vocational enlightenment, and strengthening the bottom-line support function of education through targeted assistance. This exploration aims to provide theoretical support and path guidance for the “addition” practice of science education in counties, promote the integration of science education into the county education ecosystem, and contribute to the high-quality development of county education and the construction of an education powerhouse.